Glass apparatus and lip tile therefor



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l,655,992 E. T. FERNGREN GLASS APPARA'I'US AND LIP TILE THEREFOH Filed March 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l l T L..-

INVE N T El H.. Enea/'7 77 fa r/ngren.

AT T UNY Jan. 10, 1928. 1,655,992

- E. T. FERNGREN GLASS APPARATUS AND LIP TILE THEREFOR Filed March 4, 1925 Sheets-Sheet 2 E :L C: 4

INVE T U f'noch 7." lr/;gran

ATTEIE NEY.

lan m lhttt ENOCH T. FERNGREN, UJE* TOLEDU, DHEU G-LASH COMPANY, UI* TOLEDU, QENE), th GURZPUEMMDJWN Uh tlHlO.

GLA& AJPPAEATUS MLM) lili!? 'flflllhltt rrnnnnron. I

application filet March tt, 19%.

The present invention relatcs to sheet glass apparatus, and has particular reference to an apparatus Wherein a sheet is contnuously drawn trom a mass ot molten glass.

An important object of the invention is to' provide sheet glass apparatus wherein a sheet is continuouslydrawn from a mass of nolten glass, and includes means adapted to make unitorn the temperature ot" the glass entering the sheet and the flow movement thereot'. W

Another object ot the invention isto provide sheet glass apparatus ot this nature including means for controlling the action ot radiated heat in a manner to equalize the temperature condition ot the entire width ot the stream ot glass fiowing toward the point ot draw.

A still 'further object ot the invention s to provide sheet glass apparatus ol ths nature adaptecl to concentrate radiated heat along and above the borcler portions ot the tlow ot glass noving toward the point ot draw While at the same time the heating ot the central flow :is relatively much less than that ot the sicle portions.

lt is also an object ot 'the inventien to bring about such-a control over air movements and; the heating and coolinp atmospheres that are pr'esentover the surface of the glass that a more anitorm traetablity be gven to the snrtace glass along the entire line ot draw to the, end that the .sheet prod uced may be ot even thichness.

Other objects and advantages ot the invention Will become apparent during ,the course ot the following description.

.liri the drawings Wherein lilre nuinerals are employecl to clesignate like parts throughout the same. I

lFig. l is a vertical longitudinal section through a portion ot the apparatus showing the invention in use.

l ig'. 2 is a section on line 2-2 in l ig.

Fig. 3 is a section on iine 3-3 ot Fig. t is a section on line 4 et in Faz.

lFig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 in hig.

Fig. 6 is a section on line G- G in Tlig.

The type ot apparatus disclosed in the drawngs is that coreretl in the Colburn Patent 13483309, granted Dec. et., lhl'i", wherein a mass ot molten glass 10 is ;toi-med in the tank tur'nace ll which conneets With the open end ot' a so-called draw-pot 12 snpportecl upon the stools er the lilre rt.

gooseneclr l leonnects 'the draw-pot 12 and the tanl: turnace ll so that the pool ot' molten 15 in the pot will be relatvely more shallow than 'the mass 10 in the .tur-

nace.

The sheet 16 is continnously drawn tron the'sheet source 17, the said sheet being trained over a bending member 18 wherehy the sheet may be run in a horizontal plane over a llattening table and through an annealing leer. Sheet edge engaging rolls 19 are provided to assist in t'orming an edge on the sheet and holding' the same to Width. lVater-cooled heatabsorbingmeans or shields 20 are provided to prevent leat ravs trom strilring the sheet 16 during; its vertical run anet also absorh sufticient heat tron the surface ot the glass tlowing* to the sheet to make it ot the proper eonsistency.

'l`he Colhurn patent also discloses cover or lip-tiles 21 and 22 respectively which retain the heat rays rnovin, toward the sheet. within the apparatus and to prevent theni treni strilring the sheet. Theliptiles disclosed in this patent areperteetly tlat in transverse plane so that any two points 'in the same plane would be equidistant from the surface ot the glass tlowingtherebeneath.

lt is an aim ot the present invention to shape the lip-tile in a manner that the heat rays or radiant heat issuing froni the tahir turnace ll Will he oletlectecl ;treni the center toward the sides, thus concentrating),` the heating action as tar as possible to the liorr'er portions ot the flow ot inolten glass toward the point ot draw. lln addition to detleeting the heat rays toward the side portions ot the apparatus the lip-tiles are so constructed that a greater Volume ot heated atnosphere can be positioned over the borcler portions ot the glass than in the center. that this greater heating action is desired along the hor-der portions ot the glass is that the glass 'lowing through a channel tormed treta refractory materials is always relativelv cool along the horder portions' and relatively hot in the center. This is caused by heat ahsorption and other heat losses i talrin ilace b contact ot the il'lass with the e l 3 i side walls ot the container, and also due to the fact that the glass has an inherent tendeney to adhere to such objects. Thiis the glass flowing toward the sheet alone' the border portions moves relativelv slowcr than the central flow ot glass resulting in an 'll`he reason lOO 'unequal replacement movement toward the sheet source 17, and also inequalities in the heat rays passing from the tank 11 will be defiected toward the side portions in Fig. 3.

In factory practice with the old type of lip-tile, the gaseous atmosphere in-the space under each tile will normally have its greatest expansive force centrally of this space due to its location over the hottest portion of the glass flow and the greater impact or intensity of radiant heat energy at this point.

The atmosphere present at the opposite end spaces under the lip-tiles is much less exposed to heat action due to an active outward radiation of heat from the glass and the refractory parts surrounding and holdin it.

hese normally prevailing conditionsare the cause of setting up beat-carrying convection currents in and ofi' the atnosphere under each' tile, the cold outer air almost exclusively flowin into the space under the end portions o the tiles, andiafter being heated pushing out from the median section 'of the space under eachtile. This circulating action of the atmosphere under the tiles and the thrusting put of the heated atmosphere at the central portion of the tile reduces the'heat absorbing action of the coolers on the glass surface at the central portion of' the lass body on each side of the sheet as it is being drawn and tends to reduce the thickness of the sheet centrally thereof.

Each of the lip-tiles 21 and 22 now shown 'will cause the heated air or gaseous atmosphere to flow toward the end ortions of the space under the tiles, and t us cause the presence of and constant maintenance of a greater body and column of highly heated atmosphere over the side portions of ethe glass n the pot; r

The greater buoyancy and pressure thus `given to the heating atmosphere at the end spaces under each tile checks 'the greater portion of the cold airinflow at these points and thus eliminates excessive cooling of the glass surface adjafcent to jthe side walls of the ot which willred''ce' the clinging of th surface glass tothew-aLlls of the pot.

On the other hand there will now also be A no exhaust of heated atmospheretrom under .of each title.

This way of balancing the prcssure of the heating atmosphere under each tile as against the pressu'e of the colder outside atmospherc and the thereby established control over the ratio or gradient of cold air inlow next to the glass surface is beneficial in locating the maximum of glass surface cooling action under the lip-tiles by reason of outside atnosphere inflow, at the point where the temperature ot' the surface glass is highest, thereby increasing its t'actability where most needed and insuring a more unitorn thickness in the sheet drawn.

To further assist in this dcilcction and control of the radiated heat froni the tank, the jack-arch 26, which is used in all Colburn machines, is also arched as indicatcd by 27 in Fig. 5. Heat-absorbing means 28 may be positioned centrally of the lip-tile to further assist in reducing the temperature of the glass under this point. The lip-tile is provided with a plurality of apertured cars 29 by which means it may be supported in a manner that it may easily be replaced when desired. Furthermore, the lip-tile may be made in a number of sectionsto facilitate handlint thereof.

The lip-tile 21 takes care of the radiatcd heat from the furnace, while thetile 22 takes care of the heat rays or currents created by the heating means employed to heat the fireboX 30 which pass through the channel 31. The shape of the two lip-tiles' is slightly different'but the same prineiple is employed in both.

Although the lip-tiles are discussed as used in conjunction with the Colburn machine it is to be understood that the same type of construction can be used in any glass apparatus where it is desirable to have a uniforn flow movement and uniforn temperature ot the glass.

It is to be undcrstood that the form of the invention herewith shown and described is tobe taken as the preferred embodiment of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size and arrangement ot' parts may be resortedto without departing from the spirit of the ivention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Claimsz- 1. In sheet glass apparatus, means 'for drawing a sheet from a mass of molten glass, and a tile arranged above theglass, the center portion thereof-beng relatively closer to the glass .than the sides to permit a greater vol ume of heat abovethe side glass than in the center,

2. In. .sheet glass ;apparatus, means for portions of the drawing e sheet from e mess of inoiten glass, end a tiie ertanged above the giess, seid tile being reietiveiy eioser to the glaes at the een ter than et its edges and being sheped to defieet heat ways miated ;from-the glass toward the sides thereot to create relatively larger heet volumes et the bordel' portions of the giess then in the center.,

3. In sheet giaes epperatne, means for drawing e sheet from e mess of moiten giass, a tiie ein-&ngeci ehove the glees to 'etain heat rediated `from the giass in proximity thereto, enti means tor ehsorhing heat from the central portion ot the tiie.

t, in sheet glees eppomtus., means for drawing e sheet :from e :mess of molten giess,

e tiie emenged ehove the gless to tet-ein heat mdated ;treni the glaee in proximity the'eto, and a cooiet a'tengmi .above the center of the tiie to ehsoi'b heat :from the central portion thereot. y

in sheet giess eppemtus e tenk turneee he /'ing o mess ot moiten giess therein., a draw-pot in ooen communication with the toni( tui-heee means to draw a Sheet, from the gless the dmw-pot, e tiie artengeci ehove the ghss in the draw-'pot to defieet mthated heat from 'the tenk furnoce tower&

the sdes of said ti'aivpot, the central pen 'tion of the iip-tiie 'elotiveiy Closer to the giaesthen the ende thet-eot.

G. In sheet giess eppomtns, a tenk t'm'- nece having e mass of moiten giass thei ein, e, draw-pot in open communication there- With, means to draw a, sheet ;ti-om the giees in the draw-pot, coventiiee errenged above the glees and one on both sides of the sheet, said coVer-tiies deflecting heat :i'ays moving toward the sheet, to the sides ozt the molten giase, the central portion ot the tiles being reletiveiy Closer to the giees then the ends whereby greater volnmes ot heet may he concentmted along the bordet' po'tions ot' the ghiss from which the sheet is (h'ewn.

7. In sheet giaes eppatatue, e tenk tui'- nace having a mess ot' moiten giass thei-ein, e draw-pot in open communieeton there- Wth, and e, jack-&reh` between the tenk turnece and the draw-pot seid jack-&reh being arched dewnwardly et its Center fot the purposes specified.

Signed et Toledo, in the connty ot Lucas and State ot Uhio, this 10th eloy ot Mai-ch, '1925.

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